Do you know that one cup of soybeans has 30 grams of protein, which is more than most lean meats? It is one of the most essential crops farmed in India due to its nutritional value and versatility. The entire farming process for soybeans, right from land preparation to harvesting, in India is explained in this blog.
We’ll also look at how modern tools, such as the seed drill, make it possible to increase production.
Introduction to Soybean Farming in India
Soybeans are powerhouses of nutrients. They are a major source of protein for the globe. Also, soybeans are used in items from vegan burgers to animal feed that keeps animals healthy.
Still, that’s not all! Additionally, soybeans are processed into cooking oil for our kitchens. The large-field nation of India is currently among the leading producers of soybeans, contributing to the world market.
Health Benefits of Soybean
Soybeans are not only a sustainable crop, but they also have a surprising number of health advantages. The following are some of the health benefits of eating more soybeans:
- Makes bone strong
- Good for heart
- Control diabetes
- Prevent the risk of cancer
- Menopausal relief
- Improve skin
- Helps in digestion
- Boost energy
Industrial Use of Soybeans
A surprising variety of industrial applications exist for soybeans besides food production. Below is a list of some important uses:
- Biodiesel fuel
- Bioplastics
- Lubricants
- Printing inks
- Coatings and Adhesives
- Dust suppressants
- Candles
Climatic Requirements
Soybeans grow best in warm, humid conditions with temperature between 20°C and 30°C. Throughout the growing period, they should be showered with at least 450 mm to 700 mm of rainfall.
Soil Preparation
Proper soil preparation is one of the main components of successful soybean cultivation. The soil has to be well-drained and fertile, having a pH between 6.0 to 7.5. Before soil preparation, a soil test should be performed to find the pH and other properties. This helps in identifying the problems in the soil that need correction.
Selection of Right Varieties
Choosing the right soybean variety is important for getting high yields. Factors such as yield potential, disease resistance, and maturity duration should be considered. Below is the list of some popular varieties of soybean in India:
- JS 335
- NRC 7
- Shivalik
- NRC 37
- JS 9305
- MAUS 71
- RKS 24
- MACS 450
- JS 9560
- SL 688
Seed Treatment and Sowing
In seed treatment, chemicals are applied to the seeds before planting to prevent them from pests and diseases. The use of a seed drill machine can ensure precise seed placement and optimal plant spacing.
For sowing, use a seed rate of 60–70 kg per hectare. This guarantees 3–4 lakh plants per hectare, which is the number of plants that is optimal for large harvests. You can use the listed below methods for sowing:
- Broadcasting: Efficient and very simple.
- Line Sowing: More accurate, often done with a seed drill.
- Zero Tillage: Saves time and preserves soil structure.
Role of Seed Drill Machine in Soybean Sowing
A tractor is an essential tool for modern soybean farming. It ensures uniform seed placement and depth, leading to better germination rates and crop stands.
Irrigation and Water Management
Soybean requires adequate water supply for optimal growth. Proper irrigation and water management are essential to prevent water stress and ensure a healthy crop.
Soybeans need timely and sufficient water. Water them at early development stages every 7 to 10 days. Next, during blooming and pod production, increase watering frequency to once every 5 to 7 days.
Pest and Disease Management
Soybean crops are susceptible to various pests and diseases that can significantly reduce yields. Regular monitoring and integrated pest management (IPM) strategies are essential. Some common pets and diseases are:
- Aphids
- Leaf Spot
- Soybean Rust
Harvesting and Post-Harvest Management
Timely and efficient harvesting is crucial for maximising soybean yield and quality.
Watch for the soybean pods to go brown from yellow and dry out. The colour shift begins at the base of the plant and progresses upward.
Pick a bright, dry period of weather to minimise soil compaction during harvest and to stop seeds from absorbing moisture.
Post-Harvest
Post-harvest management involves drying, cleaning, and storing the crop to maintain its quality.
Conclusion
India ranks high among global soybean producers. This is due to the soybean’s nutritional value and its many uses, from food to biofuel. A farmer can plant this crop using modern practices, such as using seed drills. This tool is helpful for accurate planting, proper irrigation, and the control of insects. The benefits for a person are priceless. Since this crop has a high potential to be grown in so many climates, it brings good health. Start now to improve soybean growing methods for a healthier, more environmentally friendly future.
